機械加工的數控車床加工，就是泛指在數控機床上進行零件加工的工藝過程。數控機床是一種用計算機來控制的機床，用來控制機床的計算機，不管是專用計算機、還是通用計算機都統稱為數控系統。數控機床的運動和輔助動作均受控于數控系統發出的指令。 機械加工/數(shu)控銑床加工
而數控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統的(de)指(zhi)令(ling)是由程(cheng)(cheng)序員根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)材質、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)要求、機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)特性和系(xi)統所規定的(de)指(zhi)令(ling)格式（數控(kong)(kong)語言或符號）編制的(de)。數控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統根(gen)據(ju)程(cheng)(cheng)序指(zhi)令(ling)向伺服(fu)裝置(zhi)和其(qi)它功能部件(jian)發出運(yun)行或終斷信(xin)息(xi)來控(kong)(kong)制機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)各種運(yun)動(dong)。當零件(jian)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)序結束時(shi)，機(ji)床(chuang)便會自動(dong)停止。任何一種數控(kong)(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)，在其(qi)數控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統中若沒有(you)輸入程(cheng)(cheng)序指(zhi)令(ling)，數控(kong)(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)就(jiu)不(bu)能工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。
機械(xie)加工(gong)的(de)機床(chuang)的(de)受控動作(zuo)大致包括機床(chuang)的(de)起動、停止；主軸的(de)啟(qi)停、旋轉方(fang)向和(he)轉速的(de)變換(huan)；進(jin)給運動的(de)方(fang)向、速度、方(fang)式；刀(dao)具的(de)選擇、長度和(he)半徑的(de)補償(chang)；刀(dao)具的(de)更換(huan)，冷卻液的(de)開起、關閉(bi)等。
數(shu)控機床一開始就(jiu)選定(ding)具有復雜(za)型面(mian)的飛機零件作為加工(gong)(gong)(gong)對象，解決普通(tong)的加工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法(fa)難以解決的關鍵。數(shu)控加工(gong)(gong)(gong)的最(zui)大特點是用穿(chuan)孔(kong)帶(dai)（或磁帶(dai)）控制機床進行自動加工(gong)(gong)(gong)。
由于(yu)飛(fei)機、火箭(jian)和發(fa)動機零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)各有不同(tong)的(de)特(te)點：飛(fei)機和火箭(jian)的(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)、構(gou)件(jian)(jian)尺寸大(da)、型面(mian)復雜；發(fa)動機零(ling)(ling)(ling)、構(gou)件(jian)(jian)尺寸小(xiao)、精度高。
因此機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)飛(fei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、火(huo)箭制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)部門(men)和發(fa)(fa)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)部門(men)所選用的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床有所不同。在飛(fei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和火(huo)箭制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)中以采(cai)用連(lian)續控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)大(da)型(xing)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)銑床為主，而在發(fa)(fa)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)中既采(cai)用連(lian)續控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床，也采(cai)用點位控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床（如數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)鉆(zhan)床、數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)鏜床、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中心等）。 機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)/數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)銑床加(jia)工(gong)(gong)
